The main ones you should know as a project founder:

• Wash trading: Inflating volume by trading with yourself. Common on unregulated exchanges to game rankings and attract uninformed capital.
• Spoofing and layering: Placing large orders with no intent to fill them, creating false signals about supply or demand, then canceling before execution.
• Pump-and-dump: Coordinating a price spike through concentrated buying and social media campaigns, then selling into the manufactured demand.
• Front-running / MEV: Exploiting knowledge known in advance of pending transactions to extract value. On-chain, this manifests as sandwich attacks and transaction reordering by validators.
• Oracle manipulation: Distorting price feeds that DeFi protocols rely on, typically through flash loans, to trigger liquidations or exploit protocol logic.

The best defense is transparency. Projects that publish real-time liquidity metrics and hold their market makers to explicit KPIs make manipulation harder to sustain. Forgd's monitoring tools are specifically designed to surface these patterns.